Telegraphic code.



N0.s41,952. PATBNTBDJANJZJQUVQ A. M. FISHER. TELEGRAPHIGGODB. ABPLIATIN FILED AUG. l1, 1905*.

6 SHEETS- SHEET 3.

ATTO/mers ,Y

No. 841,952. PATBNTED JAN-22"', '19017.

- A. M. FISHER.

' .TELBGRAPHIC GODE.'

APPLICATION FILED AUG.11, 190'5.

TTOHNEYS Ny8415952f y PATBNTED JAN. z2, 1907.

` A. M. FISHER.

kTELEGRAPHIGcome.

'APPLICATION FILED AUG.11, 1905.

` e sHEE'Ts-SHEET 5.

TWA-5- A TTOHNE PATENT'ED JAN. 22, 1907..

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6. .of ffmc/img.

.777777.77f f-fffff-fjfffffl -hattan, in the county UNITED',- sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER METCALE FISHER, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

TELEG-RAPHIC CODE.'

No. 841,952. A

VSpecilcaticm of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 22, 1907.

Application led Ang-ust 11l 1905. BeriaLNo. 273.760.

To wl whoml it may concern:

`Be it known that I, ALEXANDER METCALF FISHER., a citizen of the United States,and a resident of New York city, borough of Manand State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Telegraphic Code, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a 4new and improved telegraphic code, more especially designed for the use of large business 'concerns and arran'ed to permit convenient and vaccurate codi ying of correspondence,

specifications, orders, and the like, each codeyword being readily pronounceable and of not more than ten letters.

and will 2,0.

The invention consists of novel features parte andcombinations of the same, as e more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A lpracticalelnbodiment of the invention isrepresented in' the accompanying' drawings, forming apart of this specification, in

' code-word of ten letters.

which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, illustrate the tables for the successive syllables of the first tablr` ol thegeometrical progression of two.

Fig. (illustrates the translation-key adapted for use in ordering machinery. Fig. 8 illus trates a lsample message an code-word for arranged in amodiiied form, and Fi ten letters.

' the same. Fig. 9 illustrates the translation of the code-word. Fig. 10 illustrates a table having syllables and translation-numerals 1 1 illustrates a translation-key of modified orm.

As is well known, a telegraphic word under the ruling of the International Conference of 1908 1s considered nounceable combination of not 'I elegraphic to be a pro more than In the-telcgraphic code pres- `"ently`to be described in detail each telegraphic word consists of ten letters iniive syllables, cach syllable A being formed ol one vowel and. one consonant, and the syllables takenlrom the second table B, and so on, so"

are arranged, preferably, in the form of ta i l bles B, B', B2, B3, and B4, one ofthe syllables B forming the first syllable for a in the table code-word the second syllable of which is `that a code-word ol'fiivc syllables contains one syllable A from cach one of the ve tables.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, thesyl- Fig. 6 illustratesv a' Y reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and

Fig.

lables in the ve different tables are alike and are similarly arranged-that is, are disposed in intersecting vertical and horizontal rows headed by translation-numerals C, arrangedI i sin ly and in combinations of twos, threes, an fours. Thus on the rst table B the binations thereof, 1 2, 1-3, 23, and 1-23, head the vertical rows of syllables A, While the numerals 4 5 6 7', either singly or in combinations oftwos, threes, and fours,

are arran ed to the left of the: horizontal 10 and their combinations form the head' ings for the vertical rows of syllables A,While the numerals Afrom 11. to 14 form the headings for the horizontal rows of syllables,

fours. In a like manner theta bles 132,133, and Bhave translation-numerals up to the numeral 35, and all are arranged either singly or 'in combinations of twos, threes, and fours, as before explained and shown in the drawin s. In order to quickl distinguish the sing e translation-numera s andthe combinations of the same, I prefer to use heavy lines (both vertical and horizontal) between adjacent sets of suoliv translationnumerals, as will be readily understood by It will alsobe noticed that the single translation-numerals are arranged in diagonal form, and the individu-al translation-numerveither 'singly or in combinations of twos,- `threes, an

als of the ones in combination are arranged in the horizontal or Vertical rowcontaining the same single numeral. v

1, it will be seen that all the numerals 1, for instance, are in the same horizontal row and all the numerals 4 are in the same vertical column. By this arrangement conusion is avoided in using the translationnumerals both when making up the telegraphic word `or retranslatin it. the tables also' contain a s lla le D, to indicate that none of the trans ation-numerals'ofi the table are used and to maintain the rela- .tive position of table syllables following. Ony the bottom on each table is found arow of syllables E, intended as substitutes for such syllables A as happen to be repeated in the telegraphic word.

The numerals C in the several, tables B, B', B?,- B3, and Bj deter- Th's, by reference to' i Each of mine which of the syllables A is to be used in the code-word, and each of the said numerals or their combinations stands for a predetermined subject-matter. For instance, if the vsubject-mattei' of, the beginning of the message is indicated by the nujrieralY l then the syllable bu (see Fig. 1) headed by the numeral 1 is the proper one to be used as the first syllable in the code-Word.

1t is understood that the substitute syl,1 lables E are used to prevent arepetition of the next preceding syllable in a tele aphic Word. Thus if the telegrapliicwor spells cucudaoloh for instance, then the substitute syllables E-say bo land og--are substituted Jfor the several' repeated syllables cu and 01, so that the telegraphicword 'reads cubodaolog, 'which is more honetie than the word cucudaoloh Whici it displaces. If, however, the subject-matter is.

represented by, say, the numerals 2-3-4, then the syllable ro will be found in the table B at the intersection of the vertical column headed by the numerals 2-3 and the horizontal eolumnheaded by' the numeral f f1.

.beginning of the message is represented b the numerals 1-23-4-5-6-7, then the sy v lable zi is the first syllable of the codeword, and it is found at .the intersection of the 'vertical column headed by the numerals 1-2-3and,\the horizontal column headed by the nuinegjals 4-5-6-7.

f moretlien one telegraphic word is to be sent, use may be made of additional sets of tables--that is, each set of tables uses the y ss same syllables A and numerals .C of a higher but consecutive order. ln arriving at quantities use ismade of the geometrical progression of two-that is, a series ol numbers in which two. is' a constant multiplier. Such a series is shown, for instance, in Fig. 6,A and consists oil the numerals 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32, and with this series can be made any number from one up to sixty-three. For instance, fifteen equalsthe sum of one, two, four, and eight; twenty-one equals the-sum oi" one, four, and sixteen; thirty-one equals the sum of one, two, four, eight, 'and sixteen, and sixty-three equals the `sum of' the wholeseries. It is understood that the geometrical progression mentioned can be increased indefinitely, but is carried 'out only to thirty-two in order to be able to make any number from one to sixty-three, and

which latter is suiliciently high for use in the l example selected and hereinafter more i'iilly explained. Various geometrical progressions canbe used, varying in accordance with the unitoi difl'erenees desired. Thus, for iiistance, by iil`ty-5U, 100, 200, 400, 800.

1,600-giving all quantities from fifty t`o` three thousand one hundred and iilty' by dilercnces of lil'ty; by sixteenths- 1 16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 1 6, @ccf-giving all 'the name of an article only.

Some of the translation-immersi IiE the subject-matter for the quantities from one-sixteenth to thirty-one and seven-sixteenths by ditl'erences ol' one-sixteenth. by twenty-iourths 1/24`. 2/24, 4/24, 8/24, 165/24, 1, 2, 4, S, 16, &c.-giv

ing all Aquantities by differences olt one Y' twenty-fourth; by one-huiidredths 1 /10(), 2/100, 4/100, s/ieo, ifi/icc,remodel/ice, 1, 2, 4, 8, @ccf-giving all quantities by dii"- ferences of one one-hundredth. Thus from the above it will be seen that there are no limitations in making up dill1 erent series. using the-series olnunibers of a geometrical progression in a translatiomkey F, for instance, as shown in Fig. 7, it is necessary to consider the numbers ot" the series as subject-matter and assign them as nieaningsot' the translation-numerals. Thus the -translation-key F contains the translation-numerals G from 1 to 35 and subject-matter H, each `item opposite a translation-numeral G. By reference to Fig. 7 it will be seen that some of the translation-numerals represent For. instance, lain rest.

llzsi, however, represent both the naine oi an article and a certain dimension thereof. the numeral" 14 stands for eight-inet bed. ln a like manner some oi' the translation-numerals G stand for the naine of the article and a certain quantity thereof. stance, the numeral" 3 stands for tour engine-lathes. Some of the translation-nu inerals G stand vfor certain dimensions only. For instance, the numeral 8 represents eight-inch swing." New the setv oli nuineif als for the several dimensions or the several quantities given for any particular subject or article are the numerals of the geometrical progression of two. and hence by combining the said numerals G any desireddimension or quantity can be indicated. For instance, numerals 1 and 3 represent ive enginethe numeral 16 represents lathes, and numerals 6, 7, S stand lor fourteen-inch swing."

New resuming that an order calls for five engineatlies having fourteen-inch swing and mounted on a six and one-half foot-bed with a plain rest, a compound rest, taper attaehment, a twelve-inch combination chuck,

plate jaws, and back gear. Then the translation-numerals will be l'oundy as followsrfor five enO'ine-lathes it is necessar to make use of the translation-numerals l an( 3, as

the translation-numeral l stands for one engine-lathe, and the translation-numeral aggregate five engine-lathes. For fourteeninch swing we find the translation-numerals 6, 7, and 8,as 6 stands for two, 7 for four, and 8" for eight, or a total oi' fourteen-inch swing. In a like manner a six and one-half foot bed is represented by vthe translation-numerals 10, 12, and

lii'

For instance i For ,iii-

ICO

ILO

13, as stands for one-half, 12- for'y two, and 13 forfour, thus aggregating six and one-half foot bed. The plain rest is indicated by the translation-numeral 16,

the compound rest by Athe translation-nii-V eral 18, the taper attachment by the translation-numeral 19, twelve inch by the translationfnumerals"24, 25, as they stand 'opposite four and eight inches, or twelve inchesl total, Combination-chuck isv indicated f by the translation-numeral 29. 'One and one-half inchl drillfchuck is indielated' by the 'translation-numerals 32 and 33, as 32 stands for one-half inch drill-v .ChuCk and .33 for one-inch drill-chuckthat is, one and one-half inch drill-chuck.

Face'plate jaws arerepresented by the-trans* lation-numeral 34, and back-geared lathe by the translation-numeral 35.

r In the-first table B the numerals run from Q 1,to-",7, and consequently the translation-numerals 1 3A 6 7 are found in this ta' `ble,iwhich has 143 `as a vertical yheading andg 6-7 a horizontal heading, the inter- 118-19 for a horizontal heading, giving the syllble"erlat the intersection of the two rows. :The numerals 24 and 25'are foundk on the table B3 and give the syllable gi, `and the numerals 29, 32, "33,

34,and 35 are found on:table- B", the numeral 29 being on a vertical heading ThusIthecode-word is pipaergiec,

When this code-Word is received,it is translated back into the translation-numerals, and bytheiuse ofthe key F the order can be writitcnbiit-inlfull, as will be readily understood l' by reference to Fig. 9. L f ,n `1 fIt is not absolutely necessary that the syllables A ani the translation-numerals Care arran ed 1n tables, as shown in Figs.' 1, 2, 3,

. 4, an 5, as vthis arrangement vmay be varied,

for instance, as shown in Fig. 10, in which cach vsyllable A is' arranged opposite the translation-numerals C- singlyor in combination or groups. -Ina like manner the translatin-key F (shownin Fig. 11,) is provided matter H oi which thetranslation-numerals 6.ov

with translation-numerals C2 and subject C2 are arranged singly and in combinations or groups. It will'be noticed that the single,

translation-numbers are consecutive, and

' each grouA 4of-numerals is formed of combinations offt e .consecutive `numerals, and the groups ofiiumerals are arranged between two derstood by reference to Fig. 11. The trans' lation-numerals C and C2 are arran ed and selected in the 4manner of the'numera s forming the geometrical progressionoil two, as 'shown in Fig. 6; but it is evident that the translation-numerals, whether arranged in table form, as shown in Figs. 1-5, or otherwise, as above described' and shown in Figs. 10 and 11, consist of consecutive numera s, all arrangedaccording to the results of ageoinetrical progression. -It is understood that I do not limitv myself to a plurality of tables or to a syllabic formation or to the use and arrangement of the syl-I lables and. translation-numerals shown and. described, as the same maybe varied'without .departing from the spirit of my invention. It also evident that for each particular` business it is desirable to prepare a translationkey conforming to the naines of the goods, articles, or otheritems liable to be-used in telegraph-messages.

-From foregoing it will be seen that by the use-of the numbers contained ,in the geometrical progression of a number-say 2 the capacity of the -telegraphic code is increased wit to be telegraphically transmitted and representing a message. Thus the syllables'A and their translation-numbers C have a direct relation to and coact with the translationnumbers G and the subject-matter Hof thetran'slation-key F to allow the formation of a single code-word representing a lengthyr'nesiout increase the code-words exceedingly simple and accurate to enable any business man to readily make use of it without danger of making mistakes' in the compiling ofthe code-word or in the translation thereof. f

Having thus described my invention, l claim as new aiiddesire to secure by Letters 1. A telegraphic code comprising a lurality of tables, one for each syllable oi an artificial code-word, Veach table containing matter being consecutive numbers of the vgeometrical progression of a given number.

2 A- telegrapliic code comprising a luralityof tables, one foreach syllable o an artificial code-word,l Ieachl tablev containing syllables each formed by a vowel and a con'- sonant, and translation-numerals and combinations 4of the same for determining the syllables oneaclrtable, the.translationnu 4merals representingsubject-matter to be tel- IAS the remaining ortion heads the horizontal rows singly an in combinations.

19. A telegraphic code having a tablecontaining syllables arranged in vertical and horizontal rows, and consecutive translationiiuiiierals of which a portion heads the said vertical r'ows singly and in combii'iatioiis, and the reinaii'iiiig oit'ion heads the horizont-al rows singly an, in combinations, the same numerals heading the vertical rows appearing in horizontal alinement and the same nuiiicials heading the horizontal rows appearing in vert-ical alinement.

20. A telegiapliic code provided with a translation-key having consecutive translation-numerals vand subject-matter for each translation-numeral, the Yquantity or dimensions of the said subject-matter. being in the consecutive iiiiiiibeis of the geoiiietiical progression of a given number.

21. A telegiapliic code provided with a .translation-key having consecutive translatioii-Iiunierals, subject-mattei' for eacli translation-numeral, the quantity or dimensions ofthe said subject-matter being in the consecutive numbers ofthe geometrical progression ofa given number, and a series of tables,

one for each syllable of an artificial code` word to be formed, each table containing syllables eachformed by a vowel and a consonant and translation-numerals of the same value as the ones in the said translation-key,

the said table translation-numerals being arranged to determine the syllables `on each table.

22. A telegra hic code provided with a translation-key aving consecutive' translation-numerals, subject-matter. for each transv.lation-numeral, the quantity or dimensions of the said subject-matter being in the consecutive numbers of the geometrical progression of a given number, and a series oi tables,

one for each syllable of an artificialcode- Word, each table conf aining vertical and horizontal intersecting rows of syllables and' translation-numerals ofthe saine value as the ones on the said 4translation-key, the said tatranslation-nuiiierals of the saine value as the ble `translation-numerals being arranged to determine the syllables on each table.

'23'. A telegrapliic code provided with a 5c translation-key.having consecutivev translati on-numerals subject-matter for each translation-numeral, the 'quantity or dimensions of the said subject-matter being in the consecutive numbers of the geometrical, ro res- 5 5 sion of a given number, anda series o ta les, one for each syllable of an articial codeword, each table containing vertical and hori-v zoiil al intersecting rows of syllables and ones on the said transl ation-key, the said table translation-numerals forming headings for the said rows of syllables andthe said table translation-numerals being arranged singlyl and in combinations of twos, threes, andiours. A 24. A telegraphic code provided withtranslation-numerals indicating subject-matter comprising consecutive numerals and groups' of numerals arranged between two consecu- 7o tive single numerals, the numeralfin eachgrou being in sequence and composedof numera s which precede the highest numeral of the said two consecutive numerals between l85 which the group is located. p

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthe presence of' two subscribing witnesses. f

ALEXANDER METCAL FISHER.

l Witnesses:

F. W. HANAFORD, v EVERARD BOLTON MARSHALL.

8o of numerals arranged between .twoconsec`u' 

